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Storia alta, storia sommessa : dicotomia della ricerca e storia della famiglia

Authors: Seidel Menchi, Silvana;

Storia alta, storia sommessa : dicotomia della ricerca e storia della famiglia

Abstract

The first part of this article describes the theoretical dichotomy that shapes current historiographical debate. This dichotomy takes different forms in different cultures. In Italy it is presented as «storia forte » (political, diplomatic, and institutional history) versus « storia debole » (so-called « soft » social history, particularly that influenced by anthropology), in France as so-called « hard » social history (typified by the Annales school) versus history based on « cas singuliers » , and in Germany as « Wissenschaft » versus « Phantasie » . This article argues that this dichotomy -bere designateci as « storia alta » versus «storia sommessa » -is not a sign of decadence, but is the response of historical scholarship to the needs of a society and culture experiencing dizzying transformation. The second part considers individuality, subjectivity, and the development of self-consciousness as areas privileged by the history that the author calls « storia sommessa ». Projects of « storia sommessa » tend to involve the investigation of social actors as individuals. This approach moves the discussion from the general to the particular, from the macro to the micro level, from institutions to distinct individuals, from the sphere of power to the sphere of personal relationships. It more or less consciously uses literary techniques to successfully explore new forms of producing historical knowledge and new ways of communicating that knowledge. The final section of the article focuses on the history of the family. The author argues that in the history of the family the dichotomy between « storia alta » and « storia sommessa » weakens to the point of almost disappearing. For historians studying the family, the two diverging approaches defined in the previous sections actually bave many points of contact. The history of the family is the « soft » version of political history, the result of its evolution and its adaptation to the languages and expectations of today's complex and fragmented society.

In primo luogo si descrive la dicotomia teorica che caratterizza l'attuale dibattito storiografico ; dicotomia che assume forme diverse nelle varie culture. In Italia, oppone la « storia forte » (una storia politica, diplomatica, istituzionale) alla «storia debole » (una storia sociale « soft », in particolar modo quella influenzata dall'antropologia), in Francia la storia sociale « dura » (la scuola delle Annales) alla storia basata sui « cas singuliers », e in Germania la «Wissenschaft » alla « Phantasie ». Si dimostra come questa dicotomia -qui tra « storia alta » e « storia sommessa » -non sia un segno di decadenza bensì la risposta degli studiosi ai bisogni di una società e di una cultura in grande trasformazione. In secondo luogo si considera l'individualità, la soggettività e lo sviluppo della consapevolezza come aree privilegiate dalla storia che gli autori chiamano « storia sommessa » . I progetti di «storia sommessa » tendono a indagare sugli attori sociali in quanto individui. Approccio che sposta la discussione dal generale al particolare, dalle istituzioni ai singoli individui, dalla sfera del potere alla sfera delle relazioni personali. Si usano più o meno consapevolmente delle tecniche letterarie per esplorare nuove forme di produzione del sapere storico e nuove vie di comunicazione di questo sapere. Infine ci si concentra sulla storia della famiglia dove la dicotomia tra « storia alta » e « storia sommessa » si è indebolita al punto di, quasi, scomparire. Per gli storici che studiano la famiglia, i due approcci divergenti presentano molti punti di contatto. La storia della famiglia è la versione « soft » della storia politica, il risultato della sua evoluzione e del suo adattamento ai linguaggi e alle attese della società complessa e frammentata di oggi.

Seidel Menchi Silvana. Storia alta, storia sommessa: dicotomia della ricerca e storia della famiglia. In: Famiglie e poteri in Italia tra Medioevo ed Età moderna [atti del convegno internazionale di Lucca, 9-11 giugno 2005] Rome : École Française de Rome, 2009. pp. 17-31. (Publications de l'École française de Rome, 422)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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