
pmid: 6345103
Digital Subtraction Jonathan M. and Walter O ne Tobis, that of the will amples revealing thrusts development improved and Because diagnostic Echocardiography, accuracy Doppler and technologies This review will digital subtraction with less radionuclide eral techniques are of artery morbidity this images so that much performed with amount) procedure made ventricular total amount to the patient. decreasing multiple function the without new the study of the to be Digital digital small and is known is performed fluoroscopy in a continuous the subtraction, is digital as digital ifthe mode. image hence subtraction if fluoroscopic is by a method usual term angiographv the University Cardiology and Reprint requests: Orange, California of California, Department Dr Tobis, Irvine; and ofRadiological Sciences, Division ofCardiology, the Division of Orange, CA. 101 City Drive, Downloaded From: http://journal.publications.chestnet.org/ on 10/06/2015 mode. stored high all They also scheme. the for quantitative et al’2 developed use of applications correction ofdigital systems formed is now have data fluoroscopic analog data.’3 second. are per developed represented ing television fluoroscopic analog amplifier to a digital incoming section picture of the major format. then The either computer Digital Subtraction be or a is to components computers 1. The incom- amplified digitized by from signal in the processed Angiography tape analog converted stored of image large processing in Figure signal and can The image are schematically of pei at a rate to 20 million second. corn- digital size to auto- and of data the up mid for These Current perform computers available conversion The in the computers are speed. digital were be- that example, room-sized may newly speed For hemodynamic computers ofthese high of per conversions at a very used conversions digital feasible developed systems to digital and clinically been high pace. computer logarithmic *From from they al’#{176}-#{176} pioneered accuracy of small, analysis puter recorder called the et video a postprocessing et at a rapid processing for this (DSA). images Initially, as process development mating study is performed The most common the video in sequential computers can 1960s, technology digital angiographv cause late an in- material. and calculations. ofcontrast material or radiation exposure Alternatively, the heart chambers and after subtraction resolution tape to improve video of high Ileintzen occurred of processing mask mode technique standard mask They various Nudelman subtraction Brennecke, as images. imaging. digital fluoroscopic images in cardiology. Nalcioglil has mode, or digital radiography in a pulsed radiographic means mask x-ray cameras. on digital data used the large arterial systems can be visualized travenous injection of3O to 40 ml ofcontrast This their of Arizona, (TID) digitizing television of in Kiel, West Germany. capability for real time the such use by resolution University to perform difference the radiographic University at the fluoroscopic techniques explored in periph- enhance the computer interval schemes increasing at video angiography This to he the risk assessments to by Mistretta a dedicated concentrations 10 to 15 ml (or one-fourth of contrast, thus and permitting ofleft lower can be visualized. injections of dye computers Nudelman of technology in of diagnosis. and Heintzen and Brennecke Mistretta et a127 developed time invasive each year.’ There arteriographic of principles involved and explore some for this cardiac pioneered Wisconsin, processing most performed each year in the United States. Recent developments in high speed digital com- puters provide a new means for making contrast angiography less invasive. Special image processing computers have been developed which can enhance radiographic use is the in and was built studies of iodinated contrast material permits direct intraventricular The images describe the angiography applications vascular processing mortality there are approximately catheterizations performed additional peripheral an- clinical diagnostic accu- cardiovascular disease and the ex- great vessels. Nevertheless, assessment and contrast coronary cause country, cardiac are an cardiovascular of new are still essential for high evaluating atherosclerotic common Ph.D.; methods that are successful in anatomic and physiologic informa- tion about the heart invasive hemodynamic disease. Nalcioglu, of current pulsed of noninvasive important giography racy when Orhan main approaches angiography, M.D. is the allow invasive M.D. L. Henry, research Angiography* of the memory through (Tobis, a an Na!cioglu, an Henry)
Technology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Computers, Clinical Sciences, Respiratory System, Angiography, Clinical sciences, Heart, Photon, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Radiologic, Absorptiometry, Photon, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Subtraction Technique, Humans, Mass Screening, Vascular Diseases, Absorptiometry, Technology, Radiologic
Technology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Computers, Clinical Sciences, Respiratory System, Angiography, Clinical sciences, Heart, Photon, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Radiologic, Absorptiometry, Photon, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Subtraction Technique, Humans, Mass Screening, Vascular Diseases, Absorptiometry, Technology, Radiologic
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