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PLoS ONE
Article . 2025
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On nonparametric estimating ROC curve based on non-uniform rational B-spline

Authors: Mahmut Sami Erdoğan;

On nonparametric estimating ROC curve based on non-uniform rational B-spline

Abstract

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a commonly used statistical method to assess the efficacy of a diagnostic test or biomarker measured on a continuous scale. This work presents a versatile approach using a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) for estimating the ROC curve. This approach uses control points, weights, and the knot sequence to more accurately estimate the true ROC curve. The new method applies linear constraints to the NURBS basis function coefficients to smooth the empirical ROC curve and guarantee a non-decreasing function. Moreover, as a specific case, a NURBS curve devoid of interior knots simplifies to the Bernstein polynomial when all weight values are equal. We conduct Monte Carlo simulation studies to evaluate how well the NURBS-based estimator works in different scenarios. We compare our estimator to the empirical ROC, the kernel-based ROC, and Bernstein polynomial estimators in terms of the averaged squared errors. We also apply our method to two real medical datasets, such as metastatic kidney cancer and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma datasets. According to the findings from both the real and simulated data, the NURBS method is a powerful alternative for estimating the ROC curve.

Related Organizations
Keywords

ROC Curve, Humans, Computer Simulation, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse, Monte Carlo Method, Kidney Neoplasms, Algorithms, Statistics, Nonparametric, Research Article

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold
Related to Research communities
Cancer Research