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Zika virus isolation, propagation, and quantification using multiple methods

عزل فيروس زيكا وانتشاره وقياسه كميًا باستخدام طرق متعددة
Authors: Worawat Dangsagul; Kriengsak Ruchusatsawat; Apiwat Tawatsin; Don Changsom; Pirom Noisumdaeng; Sukontip Putchakarn; Chayawat Phatihattakorn; +2 Authors

Zika virus isolation, propagation, and quantification using multiple methods

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) was isolated from the archival urine, serum, and autopsy specimens by intrathoracic inoculation of Toxorhynchitis splendens and followed by three blind sub-passaging in C6/36 mosquito cells. The virus isolates were identified using an immunofluorescence assay and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). This study analyzed 11 ZIKV isolates. One isolate (0.6%) was obtained from 171 urine samples, eight (8.7%) from 92 serum samples and two from tissues of an abortive fetus. After propagation in C6/36 cells, ZIKV was titrated by plaque and focus forming unit (FFU) assays in Vero cell monolayers, and viral genomes were determined via real-time and digital RT-PCR. Plaque and FFU assay quantitations were comparable, with the amount of infectious viruses averaging 106−107 PFU or FFU/ml. Real-time RT-PCR semi-quantified the viral genome numbers, with Ct values varying from 12 to 14. Digital RT-PCR, which precisely determines the numbers of the viral genomes, consistently averaged 10–100 times higher than the number of infectious units. There was good correlation between the results of these titration methods. Therefore, the selection of a method should be based on the objectives of each research studies.

Keywords

Science, Genome, Viral, FOS: Health sciences, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Zika virus, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Virology, Chlorocebus aethiops, Health Sciences, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Global Impact of Arboviral Diseases, Vero Cells, Biology, Zika Virus Infection, Vero cell, Messenger RNA, Q, Virus quantification, Plaque-forming unit, R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Life Sciences, Zika Virus, Virus, Polymerase chain reaction, Culicidae, Infectious Diseases, Insect Science, FOS: Biological sciences, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RNA, Viral, Medicine, Insect Symbiosis and Microbial Interactions, Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Zoonotic Infections, Research Article

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold