Ellipses representing just-perceptible differences of color from 36 basic colors have been published by G. N. Rautian. These constitute the first redeterminations of color-discrimination ellipses. Unfortunately, Rautian published his results in an obscure coordinate system. Therefore, Rautian’s results have been converted to the CIE chromaticity diagram to facilitate their comparison with previous results. In general, the just-perceptibly different colors determined by Rautian were not equiluminous. Adjustments were therefore made, corresponding to the contributions of the subliminal luminance differences to the perceptibility of the measured color differences, so as to render Rautian’s results directly comparable with results obtained with equiluminous colors. Important differences are revealed. Rautian’s ellipses are of almost constant size throughout the CIE chromaticity diagram. On the other hand, their shapes and orientations agree well with previously published ellipses.Later results published by Rautian and Solov’eva generally confirm previously reported effects of surround luminance and color on chromaticity discrimination. Furthermore, these later results of Rautian and Solov’eva generally confirm the variation of sizes as well as the shapes of discrimination ellipses reported by other workers.