Forensic science has been slow to develop as a recognised field of study. Over the past 30 years, analytical and forensic science have developed together; though the application of new analytical techniques in forensic work is retarded by the necessity of having methods of proven reliability. The many techniques now applied in forensic analysis—microscopy, spectroscopy of all types, x-ray analysis, neutron-activation analysis, chromatography, etc.—are surveyed and illustrated by examples. The examination of documents is discussed in some detail. The determination of blood alcohol is mentioned with particular reference to breath-alcohol tests and behavioural comparisons. The similar problems that are encountered by analytical and forensic scientists are