
The Exploratory Data Analysis raised by Tuckey [19] has been used in multiple research in many areas but, especially, in the area of the social sciences. This technique searches behavioral patterns of the variables of the study, establishing a hypothesis with the least possible structure. However, in recent times, the inclusion of the spatial perspective in this type of analysis has been revealed as essential because, in many analyses, the observations are spatially autocorrelated and/or they present spatial heterogeneity. The presence of these spatial effects makes necessary to include spatial statistics and spatial tools in the Exploratory Data Analysis. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis includes a set of techniques that describe and visualize those spatial effects: spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity. It describes and visualizes spatial distributions, identifies outliers, finds distribution patterns, clusters and hot spots and suggests spatial regimes or other forms of spatial heterogeneity and, it is being increasingly used. With the objective of reviewing the last applications of this technique, this paper, firstly, shows the tools used in Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and, secondly, reviews the latest Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis applications focused on different areas in the social sciences particularly. As conclusion, it should be noted the growing interest in the use of this spatial technique to analyze different aspects of the social sciences including the spatial dimension.
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 4 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
