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Paediatria Croatica
Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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: pharmacogenetics; drug toxicity; cytochrome P-450 enzyme system; TPMT; genetic testing

Authors: Nada Božina; Lana Pejnović;

: pharmacogenetics; drug toxicity; cytochrome P-450 enzyme system; TPMT; genetic testing

Abstract

Varijabilnosti u učinku lijeka mogu se djelomično objasniti genetičkim razlikama. Postoje interindividualne razlike u metaboličkom itransportnom kapacitetu i detoksikaciji lijekova i drugih ksenobiotika. Osjetljivost na toksične učinke jednim dijelom ovisi ogenetičkom polimorfi zmu metaboličkih enzima faze I. i faze II. Za kliničku praksu najvažniji polimorfi zmi u fazi I. su CYP2C9, CYP2C19,CYP2D6 i CYP3A4/5, a u fazi II. su TPMT, UGT1A1, NAT2, SULT. Najjasniji utjecaj imaju inaktivirajući i aleli s pojačanim učinkomCYP2C19 na ishod liječenja klopidogrelom, kao i ozbiljne nuspojave na primjenu kodeina u vrlo brzih metabolizatora za CYP2D6.Drugi je značajan utjecaj zapažen u slučaju neučinkovitosti antidepresiva, suicidalnost u osoba vrlo brzih metabolizatora, te nuspojave lijekova u sporih metabolizatora za CYP2D6. Bolesnici nositelji neaktivnih alela CYP2C9 imaju povećan rizik predoziranjalijekovima-supstratima, što može dovesti do intoksikacije fenitoinom, ili krvarenja u slučaju kumarinskih antikoagulanata ili nesteroidnih protuupalnih lijekova. Postoje smjernice za genotipizaciju TPMT u slučaju primjene tiopurinskih lijekova, kao i pre poruke za analizu UGT1A1 za optimizaciju terapije irinotekanom te DPYD u slučaju primjene 5-fl uorouracila. Od transportnih proteinapreporučuje se genotipizacija SLCO1B1 za bolju prevenciju nuspojava pri primjeni statina. Najnovije smjernice ističu snažnu predispoziciju nositelja alela HLA-B*5701 za razvoj preosjetljivosti na abakavir. Za bolje razumijevanje varijabilne učinkovitost nekoglijeka u pedijatrijskoj populaciji potrebno je, uz genetičku predispoziciju, razumjeti i razlike u ekspresiji gena tijekom rasta i razvoja, tj.ontogenezu.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid