I study the evolution of the trade associations in Colombia since the 19th century until the beginning of the 21st century. I give special emphasis to the last 40 years. I show how, contrary to the traditional literature on the subject, the trade associations and, in particular, the national union of trade associations (Consejo Gremial) in Colombia played a crucial role on the economic and political life. I provide examples of the most significant trade unions, namely the National Federation of Coffee Growers, the Association of Colombian Entrepeneurs (ANDI) and the Colombian Agricultural Society (SAC), which were decisive on the definitions of stabilizing macroeconomic policies, trade policies and more recently the peace agreements with rebellious groups.