Action research was used to compare and evaluate the current nursing practice of urinary catheter removal. The aim of this study was to plan, implement and evaluate a trial without catheter (TWOC) model in primary care and compare it with the clinical procedure being performed in the secondary care setting. Two sample groups were used; the first sample consisted of 10 patients who had undergone a TWOC in hospital, and the second consisted of 10 patients who had a TWOC in the community. An interview with the urology nurse specialist was also undertaken to gain further qualitative data. Statistics were analysed using an unpaired t-test. Results showed that 80% of hospital patients and all community patients stated that given the choice they would prefer to have their TWOC at home. Infection rates were monitored and 40% of hospital TWOC patients developed a urine infection, whereas no infection was reported in the community group. From this small study, it was evident that there were major benefits to providing a TWOC service within the community setting.