While the global population continues to grow, it has heightened demand for better agricultural output. Traditional breeding techniques have played a great role in the improvement of crop yields, but they are not very efficient and not very excellent because they take quite a period of time and are not quite based on scope. Genetic engineering is a more precise, powerful approach with more direct influence on a plant genome; hence, the genetic engineering approach provides an alternative means of increasing the productivity of crops through the manipulation of the plant genome. This review describes the state-of-the-art genetic engineering technologies, like CRISPR, RNAi, and transgenic crops, to explain their capacity to enhance crop yield. It also reviews the problems, environmental implications, and future directions in GE crop biotechnology.