According to the 2JK type large mine hoist drum manhole, surrounding the shell cracks problems from time to time, based on the conceptual design principle of variable density topology optimization, integrated use of OptiStruct, HyperMesh software functional modules to build a 3D mesh model of the drum. Analyze its finite static element, confirm its weaknesses, then adjust the structure through topology optimization design. Ensure safe operation under normal operating conditions. The optimization design results show that, Static analysis results roughly keep fit with the hoist drum troubleshooting, the maximum stress of surroundings decreased by nearly 38.46% after structural topology optimization, distribution is more uniform, quality dropped by 5.7%, reaching the purpose of lightweight. In this paper, research methods and conclusions provide a viable reference for corporate design departments to solve the problem of drum cracking.