According to Article 23 of the Constitution of 1997 family homestead is the foundation of the Polish agrarian system. Its special status in the Polish legal system stems from the closest connection between homestead and household. The Analysis of A rticle 23 reveals current tendencies of the Polish agrarian system. Firstly, those tendencies are the consequences of the “social market economy” concept. Secondly, they result from the growing challenges posed by the environmental protection (ecological farming; protection of the environment from the negative impact of the farming production processes; veterinary protection of animals’ health). Present regulations concerning this subject should be adjusted to the current socio-economic conditions.