
doi: 10.1254/fpj.131.373
pmid: 18480569
消化管とは口腔から肛門までの管状の器官を指し,消化吸収に関連する舌,各種の唾液腺,膵臓,肝臓,胆嚢を含めて消化器と称する.消化管の基本構造は,粘膜,筋層,漿膜の3層より成り,筋層内には脊髄に匹敵するほどのニューロンを有する腸管神経系を持ち交感・副交感神経を介して中枢神経と連携するとともに,粘膜に存在する多種類の神経内分泌細胞とその消化管ホルモンにより,微妙な制御がなされている.医薬品開発上の安全性試験で遭遇する消化管毒性の主な症状所見として悪心・嘔吐,排便異常,便の性状異常,鼓腸などがあり,何れも注意深い動物の観察が重要である.消化管毒性の組織変化としては,粘膜の出血,粘膜の損傷・再生,粘膜の欠損すなわちびらん・潰瘍,炎症,粘膜の萎縮,消化管の癒着,リン脂質・脂質やカルシウム塩の蓄積症などが剖検や病理組織検査で認められ,頻度は少ないものの増殖性の悪性腫瘍に至る変化も認められる.
Diarrhea, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Vomiting, Nausea, Abdominal Pain, Gastrointestinal Tract, Drug Design, Animals, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Constipation, Drug Approval
Diarrhea, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Vomiting, Nausea, Abdominal Pain, Gastrointestinal Tract, Drug Design, Animals, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Constipation, Drug Approval
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