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Plasma membrane damage caused by Listeriolysin O is not repaired through endocytosis of the membrane pore

Authors: Lars Nygård Skalman; Mikkel R. Holst; Elin Larsson; Richard Lundmark;

Plasma membrane damage caused by Listeriolysin O is not repaired through endocytosis of the membrane pore

Abstract

Endocytic mechanisms have been suggested to be important for plasma membrane repair in response to pore-forming toxins such as Listeriolysin O (LLO), which form membrane pores that disrupts cellular homeostasis. Yet, little is known about the specific role of distinct endocytic machineries in this process. Here, we have addressed the importance of key endocytic pathways, and developed reporter systems for real-time imaging of the endocytic response to LLO pore formation. We found that loss of clathrin-independent endocytic pathways negatively influenced the efficiency of membrane repair. However, we did not detect any increased activity of these pathways, or co-localisation with the toxin or markers of membrane repair, suggesting that they were not directly involved in removal of LLO pores from the plasma membrane. In fact, markers of clathrin-independent carriers (CLICs) were rapidly disassembled in the acute phase of membrane damage due to Ca2+ influx, followed by a reassembly about 2 min after pore formation. We propose that these endocytic mechanisms might influence membrane repair by regulating the plasma membrane composition and tension, but not via direct internalisation of LLO pores.

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Sweden
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Keywords

LLO, QH301-705.5, Science, Q, Membrane damage, Caveolae, Microbiology, Clathrin-mediated endocytosis, Mikrobiologi, Membrane pore, Clathrin-independent endocytosis, Biology (General), Listeriolysin, CLIC, Repair, Research Article

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
17
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold