Disorders of the gallbladder and bile ducts are among the most prevalent diseases in the developed world, and each year in the United States, cholecystectomy is among the most common of all abdominal surgical procedures [1]. Nevertheless, a broad spectrum of inammatory, neoplastic, traumatic, and congenital disorders may involve the gallbladder and bile ducts. A tailored diagnostic approach is required for optimal diagnosis, using a variety of noninvasive and invasive imaging techniques. Fortunately, there are multiple imaging modalities that may provide clinically important information regarding biliary abnormalities, and each has its own strengths and limitations in the assessment of biliary pathology. These modalities include ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), biliary scintigraphy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), transhepatic cholangiography, and positron emission tomography.