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Flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata are a Rich Source of T Cell-Suppressive Flavonoids

Authors: COUTINHO M. A. S.; MUZITANO M. F; CRUZ E. A.; BERGONZI, MARIA CAMILLA; KAISER, C. R.; TINOCO LW; BILIA, ANNA RITA; +3 Authors

Flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata are a Rich Source of T Cell-Suppressive Flavonoids

Abstract

The chemical composition and immunosuppressive potential of the flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae) were investigated. We found that the aqueous flower extract was more active than the leaf extract in inhibiting murine T cell mitogenesis in vitro. Flavonoids isolated from the flower extract were identified and quantitated based on NMR and HPLC-DAD-MS analysis, respectively. Along with quercetin, four quercetin glycosyl conjugates were obtained, including quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, which are described for the first time in K. pinnata. All flavonoids inhibited murine T cell mitogenesis and IL-2 and IL-4 production without cell toxicity. This is the first report on the pharmacological activity of flowers of a Kalanchoe species, which are not used for curative purposes. Our findings show that K. pinnata flowers are a rich source of T-suppressive flavonoids that may be therapeutically useful against inflammatory diseases.

Keywords

Pharmacology, Flavonoids, Kalanchoe, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Macrophages, T-Lymphocytes, Cell Polarity, Plant Science, General Medicine, Flowers, Mice, Kalanchoe pinnata, Crassulaceae, Flowers, Immunosuppressive effect, Lymphocyte proliferation, Quercetin and its glycosides, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gene Expression Regulation, Drug Discovery, Animals, Cytokines, Lymph Nodes, Immunosuppressive Agents, Cell Proliferation

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    15
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
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    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
15
Average
Top 10%
Average
Green
gold