This paper presents a taxonomic revision of the species of Coccoloba sect. Paniculatae, which is delimited from the other sections of Coccoloba by the presence of paniculate inflorescences. This section is distributed in tropical dry forests, humid or very humid forests, and cloud forests, from Mexico to northern South America, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, with Mesoamerica being the center of greatest diversification. After an extensive review of herbarium specimens, a morphological description of 17 species belonging to this section is presented, of which C. knappiana, C. meavei, C. rzedowskii and C. steinmannii are described for the first time to science. We also propose lectotypes for the names C. paniculata and C. polystachya, and epitypes for C. hirsuta, C. latifolia, and C. plumieri. Correction to lectotype of previous indication of holotype or isotype (Art. 9.10 of Shenzhen Code) was made for C. latifolia, C. mollis, and C. tuerckheimii. A dichotomous key to the species of the section, distribution maps, and an analysis of the conservation status of the 17 species of Coccoloba sect. Paniculatae are also presented.