<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the anterior segment biometrics in high myopia and control groups. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty-four eyes of 34 high myopia patients and 42 eyes of 42 control subjects were included. Schlemm’s canal (SC) area, trabecular meshwork (TM) thickness and length, scleral spur (SS) length, and anterior scleral thickness (AST) were measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Associations between SC area, TM thickness, TM length, SS length, and AST were also estimated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> SC area, TM thickness, and SS length were significantly associated with AST0 (AST at 0 mm from SS) in both high myopia and control groups. AST0 (702.61 ± 78.05 vs. 729.12 ± 95.87 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.085) and SS length (206.25 ± 52.25 vs. 212.09 ± 51.86 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.556) were not significantly different between high myopia and control groups, whereas SC area (6,622.68 ± 1,130.06 vs. 6,105.85 ± 1,297.84 μm², <i>p</i> = 0.015) was significantly greater and TM thickness (96.15 ± 34.40 vs. 107.93 ± 29.97 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.048) was significantly thinner in high myopia group than in control group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SC area and TM thickness were significantly associated with AST0, while AST0 and SS length were not significantly different between high myopia and control groups. The changes in SC and TM dimensions in high myopia eyes might be caused by factors other than AST0 and SS length.