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Conduction System Disease in Fetuses Evaluated for Irregular Cardiac Rhythm

Authors: Bettina F, Cuneo; Janette F, Strasburger; Ronald T, Wakai; Marc, Ovadia;

Conduction System Disease in Fetuses Evaluated for Irregular Cardiac Rhythm

Abstract

<i>Objectives:</i> To determine the prevalence of 1st and 2nd degree AV block in fetuses with an irregular cardiac rhythm, and to summarize outcome of these pregnancies. <i>Background:</i> The diagnosis of irregular cardiac rhythm or ‘skipped beats’ includes isolated ectopy that resolves spontaneously. Recently, Doppler measurements of the ‘mechanical’ PR interval have been shown to identify AV conduction disease prenatally. Prenatal therapy of these conduction abnormalities may limit the progression to more advanced disease either in utero or after birth. <i>Methods:</i> A retrospective review was performed of fetuses evaluated between 1996 and 2004 with the findings of irregular cardiac rhythm. 1st or 2nd degree AV block was diagnosed on Doppler and M-mode recordings, and confirmed using either fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) or postnatal 12-lead ECG. Dexamethasone was administered to 4 mothers with abnormal fetal AV conduction in the setting of anti-Ro/anti-La antibodies. <i>Results:</i> Of 702 fetuses initially referred for arrhythmia, 306 had an irregular rhythm. Eight (2.6%) had intermittent 1st or 2nd degree AV block confirmed by fMCG and/or postnatal 12-lead ECG. AV block was presumed idiopathic in 2, associated with congenital long QT syndrome in 2 or with clinically unsuspected maternal anti-Ro or anti-La antibodies in 4. During the intrauterine period there was no progression to complete AV block and all were born alive at 34–40 weeks of gestation. <i>Conclusion:</i> A small but clinically significant population of fetuses with irregular rhythm will have 1st or 2nd degree AV block. Transplacental therapy may limit the intrauterine progression to more advanced disease.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Autoantigens, Antibodies, SS-B Antigen, Pregnancy Complications, Fetal Diseases, Long QT Syndrome, Heart Block, Ribonucleoproteins, Echocardiography, Heart Conduction System, Pregnancy, Antibodies, Antinuclear, Humans, Female, Retrospective Studies

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
53
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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