J.J.R. Macleod. The Sugar of the Blood, 1921 Full text John James Rickard Macleod (1876 – 1935) was a Scottish biochemist and physiologist. He devoted his career to diverse topics in physiology and biochemistry but was chiefly interested in carbohydrate metabolism. He is noted for his role in the discovery and isolation of insulin during his tenure as a lecturer at the University of Toronto, for which he and Frederick Banting received the 1923 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine. Awarding the prize to Macleod was controversial at the time, because according to Banting's version of events, Macleod's role in the discovery was negligible. It was not until decades after the events that an independent review acknowledged a far greater role than was attributed to him at first. ; https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/pamphlets-offprints-and-reprints/1024/thumbnail.jpg