The remarkable contributions of the Swedish radiologists have had a profound influence on American practice in this specialty. For many American radiologists a period of advanced training in Sweden has much the same appeal as did that in Vienna for the young surgeon at the turn of the century. It seemed appropriate, then, that a comprehensive study of the Swedish training programs in radiology, both undergraduate and postgraduate, might be a worthwhile project in an attempt to ascertain some of the reasons for their success and to bring back for incorporation into our training programs those methods and technics which would improve our teaching and practice. The observations stated here were made for the most part during the period of a year at the Karolinska Institute and Hospital in Stockholm and to a lesser extent during brief visits to the medical schools at Malmo, Lund, Gothenburg, and Uppsala. The programs of education at all these schools are quite similar in philosophy although there may be some d...