The problems involved in radiation protection in a university differ in some respects from those in a hospital or in an atomic energy installation. In general, the potential hazards are not great but they are extremely varied. In a large university, ionizing radiation may be used in one form or another in practically all fields of science. Likewise, nearly all of the potentially hazardous factors are involved (penetrating radiation, localized exposure, ingestion, inhalation, contamination, biologic concentration, waste disposal) and must be evaluated. An additional problem is that the investigators have different backgrounds in training and experience. They are, in general, responsible and co-operative, but some may have a tendency to neglect their safety in their zeal to obtain new information. Protection measures should be designed to protect the individual, the university, the community, and the state, but at the same time should not hamper unduly the progress of teaching and research. The following re...