Radiologists see more cancer than anyone else and therefore are believed by the public and by some of their colleagues to be experts. Although they are not ordinarily required to undertake the general care of cancer patients, their opinion is often sought on the advisability of various surgical and radiological procedures, as well as the problems that arise in the management of the disease. For the purpose of this discussion, advanced cancer of the breast can be divided into two groups. In the first group the disease is local and advanced to the stage of ulceration and fixation to the walls of the chest. Most of these patients are old and metastasis, therefore, is not widespread although some—but not all—have carcinomatous involvement of the axillary lymph nodes. The principal manifestations of the second group are widely disseminated metastases, which may occur with or without such local signs as ulceration. Obviously the two groups present widely different problems and must be considered separately. In ...