Thirty-four cases of uterine sarcoma were studied with regard to their pathologic characteristics and response to treatment. Pathologic features did not always correlate with subsequent course. Combined therapy seems to enhance two-year survival in endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), although some patients may have low-grade tumors and hence represent a more favorable group. Adjuvant irradiation may improve local control rates in some mixed mesodermal sarcomas (MMS), but does not add appreciably to survival. It is of doubtful benefit in the leiomyosarcoma (LMS) group. When irradiation is employed, preoperative therapy is preferred except in the highly malignant mixed mesodermal sarcomas where prompt surgery seems indicated first. Supplemental brachytherapy may also be employed.