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Research.fi
Article . 2026 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Research.fi
ACM Transactions on Algorithms
Article . 2026 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Cut Paths and Their Remainder Structure

Authors: Massimo Cairo; Shahbaz Khan; Romeo Rizzi; Sebastian Schmidt; Alexandru I. Tomescu; Elia C. Zirondelli;

Cut Paths and Their Remainder Structure

Abstract

Cut arcs , or strong bridges , are one of the most fundamental reachability notions in directed graphs. Specifically, in a strongly connected graph \(G=(V,E)\) ( \(|V|=n\) , \(|E|=m\) ), a cut arc is an arc \(e\in E\) for which there exist \(u,v\in V\) , such that all \( u \) - \( v \) walks contain \( e \) . In this article, we generalise this notion to cut paths , that is, walks \( W \) for which there exist \(u,v\in V\) , such that all \( u \) - \( v \) walks contain \( W \) as subwalk. We first prove various properties of cut paths and define their remainder structure , which we use to present a simple \(O(m)\) -time verification algorithm for a cut path. We further show that a graph contains at most \(O(n)\) maximal cut paths of length at most \(O(n)\) each, and present an optimal \(O(n^{2})\) enumeration algorithm for maximal cut paths. We apply cut paths and their remainder structure to improve several reachability problems from bioinformatics, as follows. A walk is called safe if it is a subwalk of every node-covering closed walk of a strongly connected graph. Multi-safety is defined analogously, by considering node-covering sets of closed walks instead. Cut paths provide simple \(O(m)\) -time algorithms verifying if a walk is safe or multi-safe. Further, by simultaneous computation of remainder structures of all subwalks of a cut path in linear time, we can identify all maximal multi-safe walks in \(O(mn)\) time. This improves over the state-of-the-art algorithm running in time \(O(m^{2}+n^{3}\log n)\) .

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average