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Small Depth Proof Systems

Authors: Andreas Krebs; Nutan Limaye; Meena Mahajan; Karteek Sreenivasaiah;

Small Depth Proof Systems

Abstract

A proof system for a language L is a function f such that Range( f ) is exactly L . In this article, we look at proof systems from a circuit complexity point of view and study proof systems that are computationally very restricted. The restriction we study is proof systems that can be computed by bounded fanin circuits of constant depth (NC 0 ) or of O (log log n ) depth but with O (1) alternations (poly log AC 0 ). Each output bit depends on very few input bits; thus such proof systems correspond to a kind of local error correction on a theorem-proof pair. We identify exactly how much power we need for proof systems to capture all regular languages. We show that all regular languages have poly log AC 0 proof systems, and from a previous result (Beyersdorff et al. [2011a], where NC 0 proof systems were first introduced), this is tight. Our technique also shows that M aj has poly log AC 0 proof system. We explore the question of whether T aut has NC 0 proof systems. Addressing this question about 2TAUT, and since 2TAUT is closely related to reachability in graphs, we ask the same question about Reachability. We show that if Directed reachability has NC 0 proof systems, then so does 2TAUT. We then show that both Undirected Reachability and Directed UnReachability have NC 0 proof systems, but Directed Reachability is still open. In the context of how much power is needed for proof systems for languages in NP, we observe that proof systems for a good fraction of languages in NP do not need the full power of AC 0 ; they have SAC 0 or coSAC 0 proof systems.

Keywords

FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Computational Complexity, F.2.2; F.1.3; F.1.2, F.1.2, F.2.2, F.1.3, Computational Complexity (cs.CC)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
bronze