The Scottish Carboniferous conodonts described by Hinde and figured by Smith in 1900 are refigured and redescribed. Additional specimens from the John Smith collection and from the writer's own collection are described. Sixteen genera of conodonts are shown to be present in the Scottish Carboniferous and thirty species, of which seventeen are new, are described. Correlation of the Scottish Carboniferous Limestone Series with the Upper Mississippian is indicated by the conodont fauna.