Abstract In Laos, dicynodonts have long been known only from one specimen, now lost, a partial skull discovered by Counillon in the purple beds of the area of Luang Prabang, and initially described by Repelin as Dicynodon incisivum . Subsequent researchers attributed the specimen either to the Late Permian genus Dicynodon or to the Early Triassic genus Lystrosaurus. Recent Franco-Laotian expeditions have gathered, from the same purple beds, a collection of tetrapods composed mainly of dicynodonts. They can all be ascribed to Dicynodon , and the available evidence suggests that the purple beds are Late Permian in age. The genus Lystrosaurus remains unknown in Laos.