
In the functional renormalization group (FRG), the introduction of a momentum cutoff often breaks symmetry present in a theory. The most important example is the gauge symmetry. However a symmetry survives in the presence of a cutoff in a modified form. We apply our understanding to QED as the simplest case. A modified version of the Ward–Takahashi identity is solved partially to constrain the Wilson action. Furthermore, we study the flow equation for the photon 2-point function and find its analytical expression for the regulator function of the exponential type.
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