A case of infection due to Salmonella paratyphi A in an Italian housewife, who had been resident in Canada for two years, is presented. On two occasions the microorganism was cultured both from the blood stream and from faeces. Infection due to S. paratyphi A in Ontario is extremely rare. In the case described it is suggested that the infection was acquired from a friend who had recently arrived from Italy and who had suffered from diarrhea whilst staying in the patient's house. This, however, was not established bacteriologically.