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</script>doi: 10.1137/0608029
If \(1\leq k\leq n\), let \(A(n,k)=\{\pi \in S_ n:\overline{\pi (i)}\in \overline{\{i,i+1},...,\overline{i+k-1}\}\) for every i, \(1\leq i\leq n\}\), where \(S_ n\) is the symmetric group of order n and where \(\bar{\j}\) denotes the residue class of j modulo n. It is well-known that the cardinality of A(n,k), \(| A(n,k)|\), is equal to the permanent of a suitable circulant \(n\times n\) (0,1)-matrix [see \textit{H. Minc}, Permanents (1978; Zbl 0401.15005), and Linear Multilinear Algebra 21, 109-148 (1987; Zbl 0621.15006)]. Moreover, \(| A(n,k)|\) is of practical significance since it equals the number of different ``scrambling patterns'' that can be used in a certain type of time element scrambling speech encryption device. This paper gives a new and direct approach to the evaluation of the number \(| A(n,k)|\) in terms of the traces of the n-th powers of [(k-1)/2] (0,1)-matrices. This yields a generalization of the recurrence formulae of \textit{N. Metropolis, M. L. Stein} and \textit{P. R. Stein} [J. Comb. Theory 7, 291-321 (1969; Zbl 0183.298)] and a number of previously well-known results, as well.
cryptography, permanents, Faculty of Science\Mathematics, Other types of codes, analogue speech scramblers, Research Groups and Centres\Information Security\ Information Security Group, Exact enumeration problems, generating functions, Determinants, permanents, traces, other special matrix functions, Combinatorial aspects of matrices (incidence, Hadamard, etc.), permutations with restricted positions
cryptography, permanents, Faculty of Science\Mathematics, Other types of codes, analogue speech scramblers, Research Groups and Centres\Information Security\ Information Security Group, Exact enumeration problems, generating functions, Determinants, permanents, traces, other special matrix functions, Combinatorial aspects of matrices (incidence, Hadamard, etc.), permutations with restricted positions
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