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Hal
Article . 2009
Data sources: Hal
Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health
Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Hazard ratio funnel plots for survival comparisons

Authors: Silcocks, Paul;

Hazard ratio funnel plots for survival comparisons

Abstract

Background: Funnel plots are a form of control chart that give a snapshot of many institutions at a particular moment in time. This paper describes how funnel plots may be constructed for survival analyses based on hazard ratios obtained from a Cox regression model with adjustment for covariates and allowance for overdispersion. Method: Analysis of simulated and real survival data. Results: It describes how centred hazard ratio estimates adjusted for covariates can be obtained from a Cox regression and gives details of the necessary programming in Stata. Allowance for overdispersion can be made by multiplying the standard errors by a factor based on either the model or the log-rank χ2 statistics. Simulated results and a real example are presented. Conclusion: Funnel plots based on hazard ratios are easier to interpret than multiple Kaplan–Meier survival plots, and in contrast to funnel plots based on survival at, say, 5 years, are less open to accusations of bias and use more information. The interpretation of such plots may be enhanced by using standard meta-analysis methods. Hazard ratio comparisons may now be added to the repertoire of techniques used by Cancer Registries, Primary Care Trusts, and other commissioners of healthcare.

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Keywords

Models, Statistical, over-dispersion, funnel plots, Data Display, Humans, Survival Analysis, survival analysis, Proportional Hazards Models

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    5
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
Cancer Research