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Influences of sharp toroidal bends on the tuning of wind instruments.

Authors: Cornelis J. Nederveen;

Influences of sharp toroidal bends on the tuning of wind instruments.

Abstract

A toroidal bend causes tuning changes, which are mode dependent and may amount to 10 cents. This is caused by a change of the inertance in the bend, whereas the compliance is not affected. The inertance change was studied by Nederveen [Acoustical Aspects of Woodwind Instruments (1969)], Rostafinski [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 52, 1411–1420 (1971)], and Keefe and Benade [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 74, 320–332 (1983)]. At first sight, the results seem different. However, it can be shown that, at long wavelengths, they are essentially the same: The apparent density equals ρB=ρB2/2[1−(1−B2)1/2], where ρ is the unperturbed air density and B is the ratio of the tube radius and the tore curvature radius. The transition of the torus into the regular cylindrical bore causes a correction which was measured by Keefe and Benade. This was verified by numerical calculations using conformal transformations. The effects of a torus on the tuning can be neutralized by reducing the bore in the torus, for sharp bends of up to some 5%.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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