
doi: 10.1121/1.400199
pmid: 2262634
Amplitude and frequency fluctuations of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions have been studied. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions were recorded from eight human ears and two frog ears (Rana esculenta). Record length typically was 80 s. For a recorded emission signal, the amplitude signal A(t) (average A0) and time intervals T(ti) between successive positive-going zero crossings (i counts zero crossings) were determined. Emission amplitude and period both showed small fluctuations: δArms/A0 ranged from 0.7×10−2 to 6.3×10−2 for human emissions and was 24×10−2 for both frog emissions; δTrms ranged from 1.4 to 6.9×10−7 s for human emission and was 50.0 and 55.0×10−7 s for the two frog emissions. There was a positive correlation between δArms/A0 and δTrms as determined for different emissions (R=0.9). Spectra of A(t) and T(ti) revealed that amplitude and period were slowly fluctuating functions: cutoff frequency ΔfδA of the amplitude spectrum ranged from 3 to 18 Hz; ΔfδT ranged from 7 to 32 Hz. Results have been compared to amplitude and frequency fluctuations of a second-order oscillator, that interacts with a noise source. It has been concluded that an oscillator with linear stiffness (for example a Van der Pol oscillator) driven by white Gaussian noise, cannot account for all experimental results. Other possible oscillators (e.g., nonlinear stiffness) and noise sources (e.g., narrow-band noise), that may account for the observed phenomena, are discussed.
Sound Spectrography, Loudness Perception, Normal Distribution, Rana esculenta, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Microcomputers, Reference Values, Ear, Inner, Animals, Humans, Pitch Perception, Psychoacoustics
Sound Spectrography, Loudness Perception, Normal Distribution, Rana esculenta, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Microcomputers, Reference Values, Ear, Inner, Animals, Humans, Pitch Perception, Psychoacoustics
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