New initiatives for real-time quantitative acoustic determinations of atmospheric parameters and structure are described. Included are methods for measurement of profiles of turbulence and temperature fluctuation strengths, inversion heights, the strength of capping inversions, and the characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves. The talk will briefly describe an echo interferometer using coherent detection of acoustic mean phase that may lead to a new method for remote sensing of mean temperature profiles. The talk will also include some preliminary experimental results.