1. In anaesthetized rats, unit activity was recorded in the afferent somatosensory pathway leading from the scrotum. Recording sites were in the dorsal horn near the entry zone of the scrotal nerve, in the ventrobasal complex of the thalamus and in the somatosensory (SI) cortex. During recording, the temperatures of the left and right sides of the scrotum were varied independently. 2. Almost all (64/67) the units in dorsal horn, thalamus and cortex responding specifically to scrotal temperature were equally affected by temperature changes on either side of the scrotum. The receptive fields of these units were bilateral and large, implying a massive convergence of fibres from thermoreceptors on to each central unit. In contrast, mechanosensitive units responded only to unilateral stimulation. 3. As a consequence of the convergence in the thermal pathway, the firing rate of each central unit was a function of an additive combination, often simply the sum, of the temperatures of the two sides of the scrotum. 4. The relationship between firing rate and the temperature of one side of the scrotum was sigmoid, the position, but not the shape, of the curve depending on the temperature at which the opposite side was maintained. An increase in the maintained temperature shifted the sigmoid response curve towards lower temperatures and vice versa. 5. The convergence which this pathway exhibits would be well suited to integration of the temperature of the scrotal skin, but not to spatial discrimination.