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Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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Spillover events of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (recombinant GI.4P‐GI.2) from Lagomorpha to Eurasian badger

Authors: Fábio A. Abade dos Santos; Andreia Pinto; Thomas Burgoyne; Kevin P. Dalton; Carina L. Carvalho; David W. Ramilo; Carla Carneiro; +4 Authors

Spillover events of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (recombinant GI.4P‐GI.2) from Lagomorpha to Eurasian badger

Abstract

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a major threat to domestic and wild European rabbits. Presently, in Europe, the disease is caused mainly by Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2/b or Lagovirus europaeus GI.2), the origin of which is still unclear, as no RHDV2 reservoir hosts were identified. After the RHDV2 emergence in 2010, viral RNA was detected in a few rodent species. Furthermore, RHDV2 was found to cause disease in some hare species resembling the disease in rabbits, evidencing the ability of the virus to cross the species barrier. In this study, through molecular, histopathologic, antigenic and morphological evidences, we demonstrate the presence and replication of RHDV2 in Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) found dead in the district of Santarém, Portugal, between March 2017 and January 2020. In these animals, we further classify the RHDV2 as a Lagovirus europaeus recombinant GI.4P-GI.2. Our results indicate that Meles meles is susceptible to RHDV2, developing systemic infection, and excreting the virus in the faeces. Given the high viral loads seen in several organs and matrices, we believe that transmission to the wild rabbit is likely. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy data show the presence of calicivirus compatible virions in the nucleus of hepatocytes, which constitutes a paradigm shift for caliciviruses' replication cycle.

Countries
Portugal, United Kingdom, Portugal
Keywords

RHDV2/b, spillover event, Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit, Lagovirus, Eurasian badger, Lagomorpha, Mustelidae, Animals, Rabbits, GI.2, Meles meles, recombinant GI.4P-GI.2, Phylogeny, Caliciviridae Infections

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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