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Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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PubMed Central
Other literature type . 2025
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The Rate of Torque Development as a Determinant of the Torque–Velocity Relationship

Authors: Gennaro Boccia; Paolo Riccardo Brustio; Francesco Salvaggio; Ludovico Grossio; Elena Calcagno; Arianna Pintore; Alberto Rainoldi; +1 Authors

The Rate of Torque Development as a Determinant of the Torque–Velocity Relationship

Abstract

ABSTRACTWe investigate the contribution of isometric rate of torque development (RTD) and maximal voluntary torque (MVT) to the dynamic force production capacities of knee extensors obtained from the torque–velocity (TV) relationship, that is, the theoretical maximal velocity (V0), torque (T0), and maximal power (Pmax). Single‐leg knee extensors were tested in 64 young adults (31 females). RTD and root mean square (RMS) of electromyographic signals from the knee extensors were recorded during isometric and incremental load dynamic (nonisokinetic) contractions. In the dynamic test, torque and velocity were continuously measured and averaged over 80°–140° knee angles to determine individual TV relationships. TV relationships were well fitted by hyperbolic regression (r2 from 0.983 to 0.993). Stepwise linear regressions showed that the main determinant of V0 was normalized RTD50 (R2 = 0.145, p = 0.004); the main determinant of T0 was MVT (R2 = 0.760, p < 0.001); and the main determinant of Pmax was RTD150 (R2 = 0.612, p < 0.001). V0 (when obtained from averaged values over knee extension) is partially explained by rapid torque capacity (i.e., “explosive strength”). Therefore, the capacity to produce torque at high velocity partly depends on the capacity to rise quickly the torque in the early phase of the contraction, suggesting that some underlying determinants of RFD would also affect V0.

Keywords

Male, Adult, Knee Joint, Electromyography, HD‐EMG; explosive contractions; force–velocity relationship; knee extensors; maximal power, Biomechanical Phenomena, Young Adult, HD‐EMG, Torque, force–velocity relationship, maximal power, Isometric Contraction, explosive contractions, Humans, Original Article, Female, Knee, Muscle Strength, Muscle, Skeletal, knee extensors

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
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