The ulnar collateral ligament is the primary static constraints of the elbow to valgus stress. Injuries to this ligament may lead to significant functional impairment and potential secondary intra-articular damage to the elbow. A diverse group of patients can present with symptoms related to ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency, ranging from children with acute elbow dislocations to professional athletes with chronic overload injuries. The current review will discuss, anatomy, biomechanics and clinical findings regarding ulnar collateral ligament injuries. An overview of treatment options will also be presented.