AbstractAlthough research on public service motivation (PSM) is vast, there is little evidence regarding the effects ofPSMon observable behavior. This article contributes to the understanding of the behavioral implications ofPSMby investigating whetherPSMis associated with prosocial behavior. Moreover, it addresses whether and how the behavior of other group members influences this relationship. The article uses the experimental setting of the public goods game, run with a sample of 263 students, in combination with survey‐basedPSMmeasures. A positive link is found betweenPSMand prosocial behavior. This relationship is moderated by the behavior of other group members: high‐PSMpeople act even more prosocially when the other members of the group show prosocial behavior as well, but they do not do so if the behavior of other group members is not prosocial.