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Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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Comparison of an injectable toltrazuril–gleptoferron and an oral toltrazuril + injectable gleptoferron in piglets: Hematinic activities and pharmacokinetics

Authors: Hamadi Karembe; Anne Geneteau; Sandrine Lacoste; Nathalie Varinot; Reynald Magnier; Evelyne Coussanes; Santiago Lopez; +2 Authors

Comparison of an injectable toltrazuril–gleptoferron and an oral toltrazuril + injectable gleptoferron in piglets: Hematinic activities and pharmacokinetics

Abstract

AbstractIron deficiency anemia (IDA) and cystoisosporosis are the most common clinical conditions of fast‐growing piglets. Until now, IDA and cystoisosporosis have been managed by intramuscular injection of iron complexes (such as dextran or gleptoferron) and oral administration of toltrazuril. Recently, a new combination product containing toltrazuril and gleptoferron for intramuscular application (Forceris®) has been registered. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of toltrazuril and its main metabolite, toltrazuril sulfone, following a single oral (Baycox®) or intramuscular (Forceris®, a toltrazuril‐iron combination product) administration at 20 mg/kg to young suckling piglets. The orally treated piglets were also supplemented with iron (Gleptosil®), and the hematinic activities were compared. Piglets in both groups received comparable doses. The peak concentration (Cmax) of toltrazuril after intramuscular administration was 11% lower than that after oral administration (p = .376). However, the exposure to toltrazuril (AUC) was significantly increased (40% higher) when toltrazuril was administered intramuscularly (p = .036). The Cmax and AUC values of the active metabolite, toltrazuril sulfone were 39% and 34% higher, respectively, after intramuscular administration (p = .007 and 0.008, respectively). Piglets in both groups were properly protected against IDA. In conclusion, a higher relative bioavailability of toltrazuril is observed when toltrazuril is administered intramuscularly.

Keywords

Swine Diseases, Male, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency, Swine, Triazines, Coccidiosis, Administration, Oral, Injections, Intramuscular, Drug Combinations, Area Under Curve, Hematinics, Animals, Coccidiostats, Female

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
hybrid