AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of preheating and shade on the surface microhardness of silorane‐based composites.MethodsThree shades of two different types of composites were evaluated: a silorane‐based composite and a methacrylate‐based composite. The composites were tested at 23°C, and after preheating at 55°C. Five specimens were prepared for each experimental group. The top surface of the specimens was irradiated for 20 s using an LED unit. Vickers microhardness test was used to evaluate both top and bottom surfaces of the specimens, followed by 24‐h storage in the dark. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way anova and Tukey's post‐hoc test at a level of significance of α = 0.05.ResultsThere was a significant rise in microhardness as the temperature increased from 23 to 55°C for both the top and bottom surfaces of the tested composites (P < 0.05). The C2 shade of both composites exhibited the lowest microhardness (P < 0.05), while the A2 and A3 shades did not show significant differences compared to each other (P > 0.05) Filtek Silorane presented significantly lower microhardness than Filtek Z250 (P < 0.05), regardless of the temperature, shade, or depth of measurement.ConclusionsPreheating, shade, and composition of the tested composite resins affected their surface microhardness.