AbstractOver the last years, the use of optical coherence tomography in pediatric ocular oncology has become instrumental for the diagnosis and treatment of different tumors, by providing precise location of the lesions and documentation of growth or concomittant complications. In the specific case of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular pediatric tumor, OCT allows (i) the early detection of new tumors or tumor recurrences, (ii) the monitoring of the treatment response, (iii) the evaluation of the retina and optic nerve status especially in cases of concomitant dense retrohyaloidal or epiretinal seeding and also (iv) the documentation of treatment‐related adverse effects affecting the macula or the choroid. Recently, the use of optical coherence tomography‐angiography has enabled to investigate changes in the foveal microvascular anatomy of different pediatric cases at diagnosis or after various treatments.