SummaryAlzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common cause of dementia characterized by progressive deterioration in cognitive function.These neurodegenerative disorders present ocular manifestations which could precede systemic signs and symptoms of disease. Correlations between the eye and the brain have been confirmed by recent advances in imaging technologies such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Hardware and software improvements have given the possibility of examining structures previously inaccessible. Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) thinning has been recognised to occur in both AD and PD and OCT segmentation software are now available as an aid for understanding the involvement of retinal layers other than the RNFL in these pathological processes.The aims of this talk is to explore the current application of OCT retinal imaging in AD and PD. Additionally, novel OCT applications will be discussed to generate a multidisciplinary debate.