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Dental Traumatology
Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 1. An epidemiological study of 216 intruded permanent teeth

Authors: Leif K. Bakland; Rannva C. Matras; Jens Ove Andreasen; Francis Meriam Andreasen;

Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 1. An epidemiological study of 216 intruded permanent teeth

Abstract

Abstract –  An epidemiological study of traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth was performed on 216 teeth in 151 patients treated over a 50‐year period at a major trauma center in Denmark (Copenhagen). This analysis showed that intrusion of permanent teeth was of rare injury only affecting 1.9% of traumatic injuries involving permanent teeth. The main etiologic factor appeared to be falling which resulted in axial impacts on maxillary or mandibular teeth. The most common injury patterns were intrusion without additional injuries (33.5%) and intrusion with crown fractures (60.5%). A few cases were combinations of intrusion and either crown/root‐fractures or root fractures (6%). Most often one tooth was intruded (46.3%), followed by two teeth (32.4% ) and three or more teeth (21.3%). The majority of intruded teeth were displaced 2–8 mm. The age group of 6–12 years of age was most frequently involved and boys appeared to experience intrusion injuries more frequently than girls, and at an earlier age. Maxillary central and lateral incisors are the primary victims of intrusions and this seems to be identical to other trauma types and is possibly related to the known exposure to impacts of maxillary incisors. The reliability of clinical findings, such as lack of mobility (81.8%), metallic percussion tone (72.5%), and no pain to percussion (66%) was reasonably high, whereas a radiographic feature such as the obliteration of the periodontal ligament space appeared to be only a partly reliable diagnostic tool (52%).

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Keywords

Male, Tooth Crown, Denmark, Age Factors, Gingiva, Tooth Injuries, Tooth Resorption, Mandible, Incisor, Epidemiologic Studies, Tooth Fractures, Sex Factors, Maxilla, Humans, Accidental Falls, Female, Tooth Root, Child, Follow-Up Studies, Retrospective Studies

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    124
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
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    Top 1%
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
124
Top 10%
Top 1%
Top 10%
bronze