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Itraconazole in Human Histoplasmosis: Itraconazol bei Histoplasmose des Menschen

Authors: A. M. Robles; A.I. Arechavala; Ricardo Negroni; A. Taborda;

Itraconazole in Human Histoplasmosis: Itraconazol bei Histoplasmose des Menschen

Abstract

Summary:A non‐comparative open trial with itraconazole in progressive forms of human histoplasmosis was carried out. Thirty two patients who completed 6 months of treatment were included; 29 suffered the chronic disseminated form; 2 exhibited a chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis and one patient presented a subacute disseminated form. Thirty patients were males and 2 females; their ages ranged from 37 to 78 years old (average 56,9). The following underlying diseases were registered: hepa‐topathies: 12 cases; endocrinopathies and steroid therapy: 13 cases; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 10 patients; malignancies: 3 cases; long treatment with psy‐chotropic drugs; 2 cases and 1 immunodeficiency of unknown origin. The therapeutic schedule applied was: 100mg/day, orally, during 2 months, followed by 50 mg/day for another four months. Twenty‐nine patients achieved clinical cure, two showed a striking improvement (both had the chronic pulmonary form) and the treatment could not be evaluated in 1 case. A follow‐up of longer than a year was registered in 23 cases, one died as a consequence of mesothelioma and another due to renal impairment, and no relapses were observed. A decreasing complement fixation titer (of more than 2 ‐fold) was observed in 19 cases; 8 of 10 patients with negative skin tests turned positive and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was reduced to more than a half in 24 cases. Concerning side‐effects, a mild, transient and asymptomatic rise of the hepatic enzymes was registered in 9 patients. It seems that itraconazole will be the drug of choice in the treatment of human histoplasmosis in im‐munocompetent patients.Zusammenfassung:In einer offenen Thera‐piestudie mit Itraconazol bei progressiver Histoplasmose des Menschen wurden 32 Patienten mit 6‐monatiger Therapiedauer zusammengeschlossen; 29 Patienten litten an der chronisch disseminierten Form, 2 hatten eine chronische Lungen‐Histoplasmose und einer eine subakute disseminier‐te Form. Das Kollektiv bestand aus 30 Män‐nern und 2 Frauen im Alter zwischen 37 und 78 Jahren mit einem Altersdurch‐schnitt von 56,9 Jahren. Folgende Grund‐krankheiten wurden gefunden: 12 Hepato‐pathien, 13 Endokrinopathien und Steroid‐therapierte Patienten, 10 Patienten mit chronisch ‐ obstruktiven Lungenkrankhei‐ten, 3 Malignome, 2 Patienten mit psy‐chotroper Langzeitbehandlung und 1 Im‐mundefizienz unbekannter Ursache. Das Therapieschema war: 2 Monate lang 100 mg pro Tag oral, dann weitere 4 Monate lang 50 mgproTag. 29 Patienten erreichten klinische Heilung, 2 zeigten deutliche Besserung (beide hatten Lungen‐Histoplas‐mose); in einem Fall konnte die Behand‐lung nicht ausgewertet werden. Bei 23 Pa‐tienten konnte nach mehr als einem Jahr ei‐ne Folgeauswertung vorgenommen werden: Ein Patient war an einem Mesothe‐liom verstorben, ein anderer an Nierenver‐sagen. Es wurden keine Histoplasmose‐Rezidive beobachtet. Ein abnehmender KBR‐Titer (um mehr als zwei Titerstufen) wurde in 19 Fällen beobachtet; 8 von 10 Pa‐tienten mit negativem Histoplasmin‐Haut‐test wurden positiv, und die Blutsenkungs‐rate war bei 24 Patienten um mehr als die Hälfte vermindert. An Nebenwirkungen wurde ein geringgradiger, vorübergehender und asymptomatischer Anstieg der Leber‐enzyme an 9 Patienten beobachtet.—Itra‐conazol erscheint daher als Mittel der Wahl bei der Histoplasmose Immunkompeten‐ter.

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
38
Average
Top 10%
Top 10%
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