
SummaryIt has long been known that CD4 T cells are necessary to provide help to B cells, triggering a germinal centre (GC) reaction where affinity maturation and isotype switching occur. However, the nature of the dedicated CD4 helper T cells, known as T follicular helper (Tfh), was only recently described. Here, we review the biology and function of the recently described T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells, another CD4 T‐cell population also found within GCs but with regulatory function and characteristics. Tfr cells have been identified in mice and humans as simultaneously presenting characteristics of T follicular cells (namely CXCR5 expression) and regulatory T cells (including Foxp3 expression). These Tfr cells have been implicated in the regulation of the magnitude of the GC reaction, as well as in protection from immune‐mediated pathology.
Autoimmunity, Thymus Gland, Germinal Center, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Phenotype, Immune System Diseases, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Animals, Cytokines, Humans, Biomarkers, Autoantibodies
Autoimmunity, Thymus Gland, Germinal Center, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Phenotype, Immune System Diseases, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Animals, Cytokines, Humans, Biomarkers, Autoantibodies
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