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High resolution mapping of nonlinear MHz ultrasonic fields using a scanned scatterer

Authors: P. Kaczkowski; B. Cunitz; V. Khokhlova; O. Sapozhnikov;

High resolution mapping of nonlinear MHz ultrasonic fields using a scanned scatterer

Abstract

We show that a 2 MHz HIFU field can be measured in water and with high spatial resolution by placing a small scatterer in the field and sensing the scattered wave. We use a bistatic configuration placing a hydrophone at a safe distance. Glass and steel tips are fabricated using simple techniques and evaluated. Tapered tip geometry proves to be mechanically robust and not prone to internal resonance or scattering from other sites than the tip. Glass proves to be superior to polished carbide steel in its ability to delay the initiation of cavitation, and relatively easy to manufacture using common pipette drawing technology. In our tests, a highly nonlinear 2 MHz HIFU field is mapped in degassed water with a 0.1 mm glass tip. The fundamental, 2/sup nd/, 3/sup rd/, and 4/sup th/ harmonics are mapped with at least 25 dB dynamic range and are comparable with numerical results. Numerical simulations for nonlinear fields in water are obtained using a well established KZK equation based calculation.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Average
Top 10%
Average
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