In the Eye of the Beholder: A Survey of Models for Eyes and Gaze
Copyright policy )In the Eye of the Beholder: A Survey of Models for Eyes and Gaze
Despite active research and significant progress in the last 30 years, eye detection and tracking remains challenging due to the individuality of eyes, occlusion, variability in scale, location, and light conditions. Data on eye location and details of eye movements have numerous applications and are essential in face detection, biometric identification, and particular human-computer interaction tasks. This paper reviews current progress and state of the art in video-based eye detection and tracking in order to identify promising techniques as well as issues to be further addressed. We present a detailed review of recent eye models and techniques for eye detection and tracking. We also survey methods for gaze estimation and compare them based on their geometric properties and reported accuracies. This review shows that, despite their apparent simplicity, the development of a general eye detection technique involves addressing many challenges, requires further theoretical developments, and is consequently of interest to many other domains problems in computer vision and beyond.
- IT University of Copenhagen Denmark
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute United States
human--computer interaction, Eye Movements, facial animation, gaze estimation, eye tracker, gaze tracking, computer vision, Models- Biological, human–computer interaction, computing methodologies, Eye Movement Measurements, Eye- or Gaze-Tracking, Folder - Review, pupil detection, cogain, introductory and survey, 視線検出手法, eye, review paper, 004, eye models, Head Movements, Regression Analysis, unread, estimation theory, face recognition, image processing and computer vision, applications, review, occlusion, Fixation, Ocular, Fixation- Ocular, eye tracking, Models, Biological, face detection, Folder - Dissertation Proposal_V2, human-computer interaction, eye detection technique, Humans, survey, eye detection, object detection and tracking, model, pattern recognition, eyes tracking, face and gesture recognition, pupil tracking, human computer interaction, video-based eye detection, Folder - cv survey papers
human--computer interaction, Eye Movements, facial animation, gaze estimation, eye tracker, gaze tracking, computer vision, Models- Biological, human–computer interaction, computing methodologies, Eye Movement Measurements, Eye- or Gaze-Tracking, Folder - Review, pupil detection, cogain, introductory and survey, 視線検出手法, eye, review paper, 004, eye models, Head Movements, Regression Analysis, unread, estimation theory, face recognition, image processing and computer vision, applications, review, occlusion, Fixation, Ocular, Fixation- Ocular, eye tracking, Models, Biological, face detection, Folder - Dissertation Proposal_V2, human-computer interaction, eye detection technique, Humans, survey, eye detection, object detection and tracking, model, pattern recognition, eyes tracking, face and gesture recognition, pupil tracking, human computer interaction, video-based eye detection, Folder - cv survey papers
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